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SPICT™ in clinical practice

  • Minato M, Shiozawa Y, Kosaka S, et al. Palliative care screening tools in Japan: cross-sectional utility study. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. Published Online First: 23 February 2024. doi: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004761
  • Robinson J, Frey R, Gibbs G, Hayden M, Gott M. The contribution of generalist community nursing to palliative care: a retrospective case note review International Journal of Palliative Nursing 2023 29:2, 75-82. https://doi.org/10.12968/ijpn.2023.29.2.75
  • Afshar, K., van Baal, K., Wiese, B. et al. Structured implementation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool in general practice – A prospective interventional study with follow-up. BMC Palliat Care 21, 214 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01107-y
  • Cokljat M, Lloyd A, Clarke S, et al. Identifying patients at risk of futile resuscitation: palliative care indicators in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2022;12:282-286. https://spcare.bmj.com/content/12/3/282
  • van Baal, K., Wiese, B., Müller-Mundt, G. et al. Quality of end-of-life care in general practice: a pre–post comparison of a two-tiered intervention. BMC Prim. Care 23, 90 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-022-01689-9 (Primary care implementation of SPICT-DE and a public campaign improves care)
  • Hubbard G, Broadfoot K, Carolan C, van Woerden HC. (2021). An Exploratory Qualitative Study of Computer Screening to Support Decision-Making about Use of Palliative Care Registers in Primary Care: GP Think Aloud and Patient and Carer Interviews. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211024402
  • Low J, Carroll C, Wilson J, et al. Do screening tools assess palliative care needs and 12-month mortality in patients admitted to hepatology in-patient wards?
    Frontline Gastroenterology Published Online First: 27 May 2021. doi: 10.1136/flgastro-2020-101709
  • Afshar K, Wiese B, Schneider N et al.  Systematic identification of critically ill and dying patients in primary care using the German version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators tool (SPICT-DE). GMS German Medical Science, 2020, 18. https://doi.org/10.3205/000278
  • van Wijmen MPS, Schweitzer BPM, Pasman HR, Onwuteaka-Philipsen BD. Identifying patients who could benefit from palliative care by making use of the general practice information system: the Surprise Question versus the SPICT, Family Practice, Volume 37, Issue 5, October 2020, Pages 641–647, https://doi.org/10.1093/fampra/cmaa049
  • Lunardi L, Hill K, Crail S, et al. Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT) improves renal nurses’ confidence in recognising patients approaching end of life. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. Published Online First: 03 November 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002496
  • Bergenholtz, H., Missel, M. & Timm, H. Talking about death and dying in a hospital setting – a qualitative study of the wishes for end-of-life conversations from the perspective of patients and spouses. BMC Palliat Care 19, 168 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00675-1
  • Liyanage T, Mitchell G, Senior H. Identifying palliative care needs in residential care. Australian Journal of Primary Health Research. 2018 24(6) 524-529 https://doi.org/10.1071/PY17168 

SPICT-LIS™ (SPICT for lower income settings)

  • Limsomwong P, Ingviya T, Fumaneeshoat O. Identifying cancer patients who received palliative care using the SPICT-LIS in medical records: a rule-based algorithm and text-mining technique. BMC Palliat Care 23, 83 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-024-01419-1
  • Effendy C, Silva J.F.D.S., Padmawati R.S. Identifying palliative care needs of patients with non-communicable diseases in Indonesia using the SPICT tool: a descriptive cross-sectional study. BMC Palliat Care 21, 13 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00881-5
  • Pinedo-Torres, I, Intimayta-Escalante C,  Jara-Cuadros D, Yañez-Camacho W, Zegarra-Lizana P, Saire-Huamán R (2021) Asociación entre la necesidad de cuidados paliativos y enfermedades crónicas en pacientes atendidos en un hospital peruano. Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 38(4) 569-76. [Association between the need for palliative care and chronic diseases in patients treated in a peruvian hospital]
    https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2021.384.9288
  • Fumaneeshoat O, Ingviya T, Sripaew S. Prevalence of Cancer Patients Requiring Palliative Care in Outpatient Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital in Southern Thailand. Journal of Health Science and Medical Research, 2021 http://dx.doi.org/10.31584/jhsmr.2021798
  • Pairojkul S, Thongkhamcharoen R,  Raksasataya A. et al. Integration of Specialist Palliative Care into Tertiary Hospitals: A Multicenter Point Prevalence Survey from Thailand. Palliative Medicine Reports 2021 2:1, 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1089/pmr.2021.0003

Publications on identification for palliative care and care planning

  • Murray SA, Boyd K, Moine S et al. Using illness trajectories to inform person centred, advance care planning. BMJ 2024, 384, e067896. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj-2021-067896
  • Orlovic M, Droney J, Vickerstaff V. et al. Accuracy of clinical predictions of prognosis at the end-of-life: evidence from routinely collected data in urgent care records. BMC Palliat Care 22, 51 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-023-01155-y
  • Davis MP, Vanenkevort ET. he Surprise Question. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2022;12:403-406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2022-003853
    (Surprise question not recommended for use alone for patient identification)
  • White N, Reid F, Vickerstaff V, et al. Imminent death: clinician certainty and accuracy of prognostic predictions. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2022;12:e785-e791. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001761
  • Petrova M, Wong G, Kuhn I, et al. Timely community palliative and end-of-life care: a realist synthesis. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care Published Online First: 09 December 2021. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003066
  • Lakin JR, Desai M, Engelman K, O’Connor N, Teuteberg WG, Coackley A, et al. Earlier identification of seriously ill patients: an implementation case series. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2020 Dec;10(4):e31. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-001789. Epub 2019 Jun 28. PMID: 31253734.
  • Gómez-Batiste X, Turrillas P, Tebé C, et al. NECPAL tool prognostication in advanced chronic illness: a rapid review and expert consensus
    BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care Published Online First: 02 April 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2019-002126
  • Tapsfield J, Hall C, Lunan C, McCutcheon H, McLoughlin P, Rhee J, Leiva A, Spiller J, Finucane A, Murray SA. Many people in Scotland now benefit from anticipatory care before they die: an after death analysis and interviews with general practitioners. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2019 Dec;9(4):e28. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-001014. Epub 2016 Apr 13. PMID: 27075983; PMCID: PMC6923937.
  • Veldhoven, C.M.M., Nutma, N., De Graaf, W. et al. Screening with the double surprise question to predict deterioration and death: an explorative study. BMC Palliat Care 2019: 18;118. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-019-0503-9
  • Broadhurst HL, Droney J, Callender T, et al. Advance care planning: the impact of Ceiling of Treatment plans in patients with Coordinate My Care. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2019;9:267-270. https://spcare.bmj.com/content/9/3/267
  • Amblàs-Novellas, J., Martori, J.C., Espaulella, J. et al. Frail-VIG index: a concise frailty evaluation tool for rapid geriatric assessment. BMC Geriatr 18,29 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0718-2
  • Downar J, Goldman R, Pinto R, Englesakis M, Adhikari NK. The “surprise question” for predicting death in seriously ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Medical Journal 2017 Apr 3:189(13): e485-e493. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.160775.
  • Clifford C, Thomas K, Armstrong-Wilson J. Going for Gold: the Gold Standards Framework programme and accreditation in primary care. End Life J 2016; 6:e000028. doi:10.1136/eoljnl-2016-000028
  • Walsh RI, Mitchell G, Francis L, Van Driel ML. What diagnostic tools exist for the early identification of palliative care patients in primary care: a systematic review. Journal of Palliative Care 2015;31(2):118-123.
  • Clark D, Armstrong M, Allan A et al. Imminence of death among hospital inpatients; a prevalence cohort study. Palliative Medicine 2014; doi: 10.1177/0269216314526443
  • Maas E, Murray SA, Engels Y, Campbell C. What tools are available to identify people with palliative care needs in primary care: a systematic review and survey of European practice. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2013;3:444–451.
  • Gomez-Batiste X et al. Identifying patients with chronic conditions in need of palliative care in the general population: development of the NECPAL tool and preliminary prevalence rates in Catalonia. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2012; doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2102-000211.
  • Harrison N, Cavers D, Campbell C, Murray SA. Are UK primary care teams formally identifying patients for palliative care before they die? Br J Gen Pract 2012; DOI:10.3399/bjgp12X64146.
  • Gott M, Ingleton C, Bennett M, Gardiner C. Transitions to palliative care in acute hospitals in England: qualitative study. BMJ 2011; 342:d1773.
  • Weissman D E, Meier DE. Identifying patients in need of a palliative care assessment in the hospital setting. J Palliat Med 2011; 14(1): 17-23; doi: 10.1089/jpm.2010.0347. Epub 2010 Dec 6.
  • Thoosen B, Groot M, Engles Y, Prins J, Verhagen S, Galesloot C et al. Early identification and proactive palliative care for patients in general practice, incentive and methods of a randomised controlled trial. BMC Family Practice 2011; 12:123
  • Glare PA, Sinclair CT. Palliative medicine review: prognostication. J Palliat Med 2008; 11:84-103.
  • Lynn J. Serving patients who may die soon: the role of hospice and other services. JAMA 2001; 285:925-932. doi:10.1001/jama.285.7.925

SPICT™ Development & validation

  • Highet G, Crawford D, Murray SA, Boyd K. Development and evaluation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT): a mixed-methods study. BMJ Support Palliat Care. Published online first: 25 July 2013. doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2013-000488.
  • Boyd K, Murray SA. Recognising and managing key transitions in end of life care. BMJ 2010;341:c4863  

  • Xie Z, Ding J, Jiao J, et al. Screening instruments for early identification of unmet palliative care needs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. Published Online First: 28 December 2023. doi: 10.1136/spcare-2023-004465
  • Bourmorck, D., de Saint-Hubert, M., Desmedt, M. et al. SPICT as a predictive tool for risk of 1-year health degradation and death in older patients admitted to the emergency department: a bicentric cohort study in Belgium. BMC Palliat Care 22, 79 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-023-01201-9
  • Piers R, De Brauwer I, Baeyens H, et al. Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool prognostic value in older hospitalised patients: a prospective multicentre study. BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care. Published Online First: 31 May 2021. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2021-003042
  • Mudge AM, Douglas C, Sansome X, et al. Risk of 12-month mortality among hospital inpatients using the surprise question and SPICT criteria: a prospective study BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care 2018;8:213-220. doi:10.1136/bmjspcare-2017-001441
  • Mitchell GK, Senior HE, Rhee JJ, Ware RS, Young S, Teo PC, Murray S, Boyd K, Clayton JM. Using intuition or a formal palliative care needs assessment screening process in general practice to predict death within 12 months: A randomised controlled trial. Palliat Med. 2018 Feb;32(2):384-394. doi:10.1177/0269216317698621. 
  • De Bock, R, Van Den Noortgate, N, Piers, R.Validation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool in a Geriatric Population. J Palliat Med 2018;21(2):220-224. DOI:10.1089/jpm.2017.0205. (Top cited article 2021)
  • Sulistio M, Franco M, Vo A, Poon P, William L. Hospital rapid response team and patients with life-limiting illness: a multicentre retrospective cohort study. Palliat Med. 2015 April 29(4):302-9. doi:10.1177/0269216314560802. 

Translation and adaptation of SPICT™

  • Bouri, M., Sakellari, E., Krentiris, D., Lagiou, A. Palliative Care in the Community: The Greek Version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™). Journal of Primary Care & Community Health. 2024, 15. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319241245842
  • Farfán-Zuñiga X, Zimmermann-Vildoso M. Cultural adaptation and validation of the SPICT-ES™ instrument to identify palliative care needs in Chilean older adults. BMC Palliat Care 21, 223 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-01111-2
  • Oishi A, Hamano J, Boyd K, Murray S. Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the supportive and palliative care indicators tool into Japanese: a preliminary report. Palliative Medicine Reports 2022. 3:1, 1–5, DOI: 10.1089/pmr.2021.0083
  • Krause, R., Barnard, A., Burger, H., de Vos, A., Evans, K., Farrant, L., Fouche, N., Kalula, S., Morgan, J., Mohamed, Z., Panieri, E., Ras, T., Raubenheimer, P., Verburg, E., Boyd, K., & Gwyther, L. (2022). A Delphi study to guide the development of a clinical indicator tool for palliative care in South Africa. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 14(1), 7 pages. https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v14i1.3351
  • Bergenholtz H, Weibull A, Raunkiær M. Supportive and palliative care indicators tool (SPICT™) in a Danish healthcare context: translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and content validation. BMC Palliat Care 21, 41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-00931-6
  • Ximena Farfán-Zúñiga, Melissa Zimmermann-Vildoso. Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the SPICT-ES™ Instrument to Identify Palliative Care Needs in Chilean Older Adults, 31 May 2022, PREPRINT (Version 1) available at Research Square [https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1610130/v1]
  • Sripaew, S., Fumaneeshoat, O. & Ingviya, T. Systematic adaptation of the Thai version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool for low-income settings (SPICT-LIS). BMC Palliat Care 20, 35 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00729-y
  • Deepak Sudhakaran, Ranjitha S. Shetty, Sneha D. Mallya, Ashwini Shivakumar Bidnurmath, Akhilesh Kumar Pandey, Pankaj Singhai, Naveen S. Salins, Pawan Kumar, Screening for palliative care needs in the community using SPICT, Medical Journal Armed Forces India, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2021.08.004
  • Casale G, Magnani C, Fanelli R, et al. Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™): content validity, feasibility and pre-test of the Italian version. BMC Palliative Care  19, 79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00584-3
  • Afshar K, Feichtner A, Boyd K, et al. Systematic development and adjustment of the German version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT-DE). BMC Palliat Care 2018; 17: 27. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-018-0283-7
  • Fachado AA, Martínez NS, Roselló MM, Rial JJV, Oliver EB, García RG,García JMF. Spanish adaptation and validation of the Supportive & Palliative Care Indicators Tool – SPICT-ES. Rev Saude Publica. 2018; 52: 3. Published online 2018 Jan 16. doi:  10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000398 

    Further Information on Translation and Adaptation of SPICT

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