This guidance summarises the three main, evidence-based approaches that can be used for the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the SPICTTM into different languages and for diverse healthcare systems internationally.
Download (PDF, opens in new window): Translating & Adapting SPICT April 2018
- A multi-disciplinary team approach and clear process recording are essential.
- Select the method which best fits your circumstances and resources.
World Health Organisation: Process of translation and adaptation of instruments.
Beaton DE et al: Guidelines for the process of cross-cultural adaptation of self-report measures.
Mohler P et al: TRAPD Team Translation Model – Guidelines for Best Practice in Cross-Cultural Surveys.
All methods incorporate 3 phases and 7 structured steps:-
Phase I |
Step 1: Translation | Step 2: Expert review |
Phase II |
Step 3: Back-translation and revision |
Step 4: Pre-testing (e.g. standardized case vignettes, or examples from small clinical practice tests) |
Phase III |
Step 5: Final version |
Step 6: Process appraisal and documentation Step 7: Implementation and review |
Examples:
- Bergenholtz H, Weibull A, Raunkiær M. Supportive and palliative care indicators tool (SPICT™) in a Danish healthcare context: translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and content validation. BMC Palliat Care 21, 41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-022-00931-6
- Sripaew, S., Fumaneeshoat, O. & Ingviya, T. Systematic adaptation of the Thai version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool for low-income settings (SPICT-LIS). BMC Palliat Care 20, 35 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-021-00729-y
- Alonso Fachado A, Sansó Martínez N, Martín Roselló M, et al. Spanish adaptation and validation of the supportive & palliative care indicators tool – SPICT-ES. Rev Saude Publica; 52. Epub ahead of print 2018. DOI: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2018052000398.
- Afshar K, Feichtner A, Boyd K, et al. Systematic development and adjustment of the German version of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT-DE). BMC Palliat Care 2018; 17: 27. DOI: 10.1186/s12904-018-0283-7
- Casale G, Magnani C, Fanelli R, et al.Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool (SPICT™): content validity, feasibility and pre-test of the Italian version. BMC Palliative Care 19, 79 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12904-020-00584-3
Presentations from SPICT Conference 2018: Workshop on translation and adaptation of SPICT
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